Indus civilization, also called Indus valley civilization or Harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the Indian subcontinent. The nuclear dates of the civilization appear to be about 2500–1700 BCE, though the southern sites may have lasted later into the 2nd millennium BCE. Among the world’s three earliest civilizations, the Indus civilization was the most extensive.

The total population of the civilization is thought to have been upward of 5 million. Indus Valley Civilization sites have been found near the border of Nepal, in Afghanistan, on the coasts of India, and around Delhi, to name only a few locations.

From Harappa in Punjab to Mohenjo Daro in Sindh, both with impressively preserved remains of the Indus Valley provide an insight about the legendry civilization. Harappa is the largest and most important cities of Indus Valley Civilization. This is considered to be one of the only sites where sequences of the Indus Valley Civilization have been discovered that suggest the period and the history of Indus cities.